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#                              ornl_lai_refs.txt                               #
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This file is a companion to the data set "Global Leaf Area Index Data from Field 
Measurements, 1932-2000."

The following bibliography contains 303 original literature reference 
sources (plus 5 incomplete citations and 2 other personal communications) 
of worldwide data on leaf area index (LAI) for the time period 1945-2000. 
In the Leaf Area Index data file ornl_lai_point.dat the "Author" data column 
entries cross-reference to this bibliography.

If you have any questions about the bibliography please contact:

ORNL DAAC User Services Office
Oak Ridge National Laboratory
P.O. Box 2008, MS 6407
Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6407
USA

Telephone: +1 (865) 241-3952
E-mail: ornldaac@ornl.gov


This file was last updated 17-Oct-2001.
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Albaugh, T.J., H.L. Allen, P.M. Dougherty, L.W. Kress and J.S. King (1998) 
Leaf area and above- and belowground growth responses of loblolly pine to 
nutrient and water additions. Forest Science 44, 317-328.

Alvera, B. 1973. Estudios en bosques de coniferas del Pirineo Central. 
Pirineos (Zaragoza) 109, 17-29.

Andersson, F. 1973. IBP-studies on plant productivity of south Swedish 
forest ecosystems. In: Reichle, D.E. et al. (eds.), 1973, Modeling Forest 
Ecoystems, Report EDFB-IBP-73-7, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Tennessee, 
USA, pp. 11-26.

Andersson, F. (1973) In: Jordan, C.F. (1983) Productivity of tropical rain 
forest ecosystems and the implications for their use as future wood and 
energy sources. pp. 117-135 In: Tropical Rain Forest Ecosystems (F.B. 
Golley, ed.). Ecosystems of the World 14A. Elsevier, Amsterdam.

Ando, T. 1981. IBP Woodlands Data Set. In: Reichle, D.E. (ed.), 1981, 
Dynamic Properties of Forest Ecosystems, IBP 23. Cambridge University 
Press. pp. 604-605.

Ando, T., Chiba, K., Nishimura, T., and Tanimoto, T. 1977. Temperate fir 
and hemlock forests in Shikoku. In "Primary Producctivity in Japanese 
Forests." Edited by T. Shidei and T. Kira. pp. 213-245. JIBP Synthesis Vol. 
16. University of Tokyo Press.

Andrade F.H., S.A. Uhart, G.G. Arguissain and R.A. Ruiz (1992) Radiation 
use efficiency of maize grown in a cool area. Field Crops Research 28, 345-
354.

Art, H.W. (1978) Unpublished data quoted by Art, H.W. and P.L. Marks, A 
summary table of biomass and net annual primary production in forests 
ecosystems of the world. In: Lieth, H.F.H., Patterns of Primary Production 
in the Biosphere. Benchmark Papers in Ecology, Volume 8, Dowden, Hutchison 
and Ross, Stroudsberg, Pennsylvania. pp. 177-192. 

Ashton, D.H. 1976. Phosphorus in forest ecosystems at Beenak, Victoria. 
Journal of Ecology 64, 171-186.

Asner, G.P. (1998) Biophysical and biochemical sources of variability in 
canopy reflectance. Remote Sensing of the Environment 64, 234-253.

Asner, G.P., C.A. Bateson, et al. (2000) Impact of tissue, canopy and 
landscape properties on the reflectance of arid ecosystems. Remote Sensing 
of Environment (in press).

Asner, G.P., A.R. Townsend and R.H. Braswell (2000) Satellite observations 
of El Nino effects on Amazon forest phenology and productivity. Geophysical 
Research Letters 27, 981-984.

Asner, G.P., A.R. Townsend, et al. (1999) Spectrometry of pasture condition 
and biogeochemistry in the Central Amazon. Geophysical Research Letters 26, 
2769-2772.

Asner, G.P., C.A. Wessman and S. Archer (1998) Scale dependence of 
absorption of photosynthetically active radiation in terrestrial 
ecosystems. Ecological Applications 8, 1003-1021.

Asrar, G., M. Fuchs, E.T. Kanemasu and J.L. Hatfield (1984) Estimating 
absorbed photosynthetically active radiation and leaf area index from 
spectral reflectance in wheat. Agronomy Journal 76, 300-306.

Asrar, G., R.B. Myneni and B.J. Choudhury (1992) Spatial heterogeneity in 
vegetation canopies and remote sensing of absorbed photosynthetically 
active radiation - a modeling study. Remote Sensing of the Environment 41, 
85-103.

Attiwill, P.M. 1979. Nutrient cycling in a Eucalyptus obliqua forest. III. 
Growth, biomass and net primary production. Australian Journal of Botany 
27, 439-458.

Attiwill, P.M. 1981. IBP Woodlands Data Set. In: Reichle, D.E. (ed.), 1981, 
Dynamic Properties of Forest Ecosystems, IBP 23. Cambridge University 
Press, p. 573.

Attiwill, P.M. (1966) The chemical composition of rainwater in relation to 
cycling of nutrients in mature eucalyptus forest. Plant and Soil 24, 390-
406.

Bandhu, D. 1970. A study of the productive structure of northern tropical 
dry deciduous forest near Varanasi. Tropical Ecology 11.

Bandhu, D. (1981) IBP Woodlands Data Set. In: Reichle, D.E. (ed.), 1981, 
Dynamic Properties of Forest Ecosystems, IBP 23. Cambridge University 
Press, p. 588.

Baumgartner, A. (1969) Meteorological approach to the exchange of CO2 
between the atmosphere and vegetation, particularly forest stands. 
Photosynthetica 2, 127-149.

Bazzaz, F.A. and Bliss, L.C. 1971. Net primary production of herbs in a 
central Illinois deciduous forest. Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club 
98, 90-94.

Benecke, U. and G. Evans (1987) Growth and water use in Nothofagus truncata 
(hard beech) in temperate hill country, Nelson, New Zealand. In: The 
Temperate Forest Ecosystem, ITE Symposium No. 20 (eds. Yang H.X, Wang, Z., 
J.N.R. Jeffers and P.A. Ward) Institute of Terrestrial Ecology, Grange-
over-Sands, Cumbria, UK.

Benecke, U. and A.H. Nordmeyer (1982) Carbon uptake and allocation by 
Nothofagus solandri var. cliffortioides (Hook. f.) Poole and Pinus contorta 
Douglas ex Loudon ssp. sontorta at montane and subalpine altitudes. In 
R.H.Waring (Ed.), Carbon uptake and allocation on sublapine ecosystems as a 
key to management. pp. 9-21. Corvallis, Oregon: Forest Research Laboratory.

Benedict, F.F. (1976) Herbivory rates and leaf properties in four forests 
in Puerto Rico and Florida. M.S. thesis, University of Florida, Gainsville, 
FL, USA. 78 pp.

Bindiu, C. 1973. Unpublished Doctoral Thesis, Academia de Stunte Agricole 
si Silvice, Bucharest, Rumania.

Bindiu, C. 1981. IBP Woodlands Data Set. In: Reichle, D.E. (ed.), 1981, 
Dynamic Properties of Forest Ecosystems, IBP 23. Cambridge University 
Press, p. 614. 

Biskupsky, V. (1981) IBP Woodlands Data Set. In: Reichle, D.E. (ed.), 1981, 
Dynamic Properties of Forest Ecosystems, IBP 23. Cambridge University 
Press, p. 580.

Biskupsky, V.; Oszlanyi, J. 1975. The biomass of the timber component at 
the research site of Baeb. In: Biskupsky, V.; Research project BAB IBP 
progress report II. Bratislava, Publ. House of the Slovak Academy of 
Scienes 45, pp. 81-84.

Bolstad, P. V., and S. T. Gower. 1990. Estimation of leaf area index in 
fourteen southern Wisconsin forest stands using a portable radiometer. Tree 
Physiology 7 , 115-124. 

Bongers, F., D. Engelen and H. Klinge (1985) Phytomass structure of natural 
plant communities on spodosols in southern Venezuela: the Bana woodland. 
Vegetatio 63, 13-34.

Borghetti, M., G. G. Vendramin, and R. Giannini. 1986. Specific leaf area 
and leaf area index distribution in a young Douglas-fir plantation. 
Canadian Journal of Forest Researh 16 , 1283-.

Bormann, F.H., Siccama, T.G., Likens, G.E., and Whittaker, R.H. 1970. The 
Hubbard Brook ecosystem study: composition and dynamics of the tree 
stratum. Ecological Monographs 40: 373-388.

Boysen-Jensen, P. 1932. "Die Stoffproduktion der Pflanzen." Verlag von 
Gustav Fischer, Jena, Germany.

Brown, S. 1981. A comparison of the structure, primary productivity, and 
transpiration of cyptress ecosystems in Florida. Ecological Monographs 51: 
403-427.

Bullock, J.A. 1981. IBP Woodlands Data Set. In: Reichle, D.E. (ed.), 1981, 
Dynamic Properties of Forest Ecosystems, IBP 23. Cambridge University 
Press, p. 606. 

Bunce, R.G.H. 1968. Biomass and production of trees in a mixed deciduous 
woodland. Journal of Ecology 56, 759-775.

Carbon, B. A., G. A. Bartle, and A. M. Murray. 1981. Water stress, 
transpiration and leaf area index in eucalypt plantations in a bauxite 
mining area in south-west Australia. Australian Journal of Ecology 6 , 459-
466. 

Carey, E., R. M. Callaway, and E. H. DeLucia. 1998. Increased 
photosynthesis offsets costs of allocation to sapwood in an arid 
environment. Ecology 79(7),2281-2291.

Cermak, J. 1998. Leaf distribution in large trees and stands of the 
floodplain forest in southern Moravia. Tree Physiology 18 , 727-737. 

Christensen, B. 1978. Biomass and primary production of Rhizophora 
apiculata BL. in a mangrove in southern Thailand. Aquatic Botany 4: 43-52.

Clough, B. F., J. E. Ong, and W. K. Gong. 1997. Estimating leaf area index 
and photosynthetic production in canopies of the mangrove Rhizophora 
apiculata. Marine Ecology Progress Series 159, 285-292. 

Coops, N., A. Delahaye, and E. Pook. 1997. Estimation of Eucalypt Forest 
Leaf Area Index on the South Coast of New South Wales using Landsat MSS 
Data. Australian Journal of Botany 45, 757-769.

Coyne, P. I., and K. V. Cleve. 1977. Fertilizer induced morphological and 
chemical responses of a quaking aspen stand in interior Alaska. Forest 
Science 23 (1), 92-102. 

Crombie, D.S. 1992. Root depth, leaf area and daytime water relations of 
Jarrah (Eucalyptus marginata) forest overstorey and understorey during 
summer drought. Australian Journal of Botany 40 , 113-122. 

Crow, T.R. 1978. Biomass and production in three contiguous forests in 
northern Wisconsin. Ecology 59: 265-273.

Deans, J.D. 1979. Flucuations of the soil environment and fine root growth 
in a young Sitka spruce plantation. Pl. Soil 52: 195-208.

Deblonde, G., M. Penner, and A. Royer. 1994. Measuring leaf area index with 
the Li-COR LAI-2000 in pine stands. Ecology 75 (5), 1507-1511. 

DeCosta W.A.J.M., M.D. Dennett, U. Ratnaweera and K. Nyalemegbe (1997) 
Effects of different water regimes on field-grown determinate and 
indeterminate faba bean (Vicia faba L) . 1. Canopy growth and biomass 
production. Field Crops Research 49, 83-93.

Donita, N., C. Bindiu and V. Mocanu (1981) IBP Woodlands Data Set. In: 
Reichle, D.E. (ed.), 1981, Dynamic Properties of Forest Ecosystems, IBP 23. 
Cambridge University Press, p. 611-612.

Doucet, R., Berglund, J.V., and Farnsworth, C.E. 1976. Dry matter 
production in 40-year-old Pinus banksiana stands in Quebec. Canadian 
Journal of Forest Research 6, 357-367.

Droste zu Hulshoff 1970 (S.T. Gower, pers. comm.). Department of Forest 
Ecology and Management, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA.

Droste zu Hulshoff, B. von. 1979. Struktur, Biomasse and Zuwachs eines 
alteren Fichtenbestandes. Forstwiss. ZentBl. 89: 162-171.

Duever, M.J. and L.A. Riopelle (1983) Successional sequences and rates on 
tree islands in the Okenfenokee swamp. American Midland Naturalist 110, 
186-193.

Dufrene, E. and N. Breda (1995) Estimation of deciduous forest leaf-area 
index using direct and indirect methods. Oecologia 104, 156-162.

Duvigneaud, P. 1968. Apercu sur la biomase, la productivite et les cycles 
des elements biogenes. Bulletin de la Societe Royale de Botanique de 
Belgique (Brussels) 101, 111-127.

Duvigneaud, P. and Froment, A. 1969. Recherches sur l'ecosysteme foret. 
Serie E. Forets de haute Belgique. Contribution No. 5 Elements biogenes de 
l'edaphotope et phytocenose forestiere. Bull. Inst. Sci.Nat. Belg. 45:1-48

Duvigneaud, P. and S. Denaeyer-DeSmet. 1970. Biological cycling of minerals 
in temperate deciduous forests. In: Reichle, D.E. (ed.) Analysis of 
Temperate Forest Ecosystems. Springer-Verlag, New York. pp. 199-225.

Duvigneaud, P., Danaeyer-de-Smet, S., Ambroes, P., and Timperman J. 1969. 
Apercu preliminaire sur les biomasses, la productivite et le cycle des 
elements biogenes. Bull. Soc. Bot. Belg. 102: 317-323.

Dylis, N. (1971) Primary production of mixed forests. In: Productivity of 
forest ecosystems (P. Duvigneaud, ed.), Proceedings of the UNESCO/IBP 
Brussels Symposium, October 1969. UNESCO, Paris. pp. 227-232.

Elkington, T.T. and Jones, B.M.G. 1974. Biomass and primary productivity of 
birch (Betula pubescens S. Lat.) in south-west Greenland. Journal of 
Ecology 62: 821-830.

Ellenberg, H. (1971) In: Integrated Experimental Ecology. Ecological 
Studies, Volume 2. Springer-Verlag, Berlin.

Ellsworth, D.S. and P.B. Reich (1993) Canopy structure and vertical 
patterns of photosynthesis and related leaf traits in a deciduous forest. 
Oecologica 96, 169-178.

Engel, R. K., L. E. Moser, J. Stubbendiek, and S. R. Lowry. 1987. Yield 
accumulation, leaf area index, and light interception of smooth bromegrass. 
Crop Science 27 , 316-321. 

Ermolova, L. S., and A. I. Utkin. 1998. Specific leaf area of dominant 
forest-forming species of Russia. Russian Journal of Ecology 29 (1), 152-
156. 

Eschenbach, C., and L. Kappen (1996) Leaf area index determination in an 
alder forest: a comparison of three methods. Journal of Experimental Botany 
47 (302), 1457-1462. 

Falinski, J.B. 1981. IBP Woodlands Data Set. In: Reichle, D.E. (ed.), 1981, 
Dynamic Properties of Forest Ecosystems, IBP 23. Cambridge University 
Press, p. 608.

Fassnacht, K. 1996. Ph.D. Dissertation. University of Wisconsin, Madison, 
Wisconsin.

Fassnacht, K.S. and S.T. Gower. 1997. Interrelationships among the edaphic 
and stand characteristics, leaf area index, and aboveground net primary 
production of upland forest ecosystems in north central Wisconsin. Canadian 
Journal of Forest Research 27, 1058-1067. 

Fassnacht, K.S., S.T. Gower, J.M. Norman and R.E. McMurtrie (1994) A 
comparison of optical and direct methods for estimating foliage surface 
area index in forests. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology 71, 183-207.

Ford, E.D. and P.J. Newbould (1970) Stand structure and dry weight 
production through the sweet chestnut (Castanea sativa Mill.) coppice 
cycle. Journal of Ecology 58: 275-296.

Ford, E.D. and P.J. Newbould (1971) The leaf canopy of a coppiced deciduous 
woodland. Journal of Ecology 59: 843-862.

Foruqi, Q. (1981) IBP Woodlands Data Set. In: Reichle, D.E. (ed.), 1981, 
Dynamic Properties of Forest Ecosystems, IBP 23. Cambridge University 
Press, pp. 589-594. 

Fownes, J.H. and R.A. Harrington (1990) Modeling growth and optimal 
rotations of tropical multipurpose trees using unit leaf rate and leaf area 
index. Journal of Applied Ecology 27 , 886-896. 

Frangi, J.L. and A.E. Lugo (1985) Ecosystem dynamics of a subtropical 
floodplain forest. Ecological Monographs 55, 351-369. 

Gamon, J.A., C.B. Field, M.L. Goulden, K.L. Griffin, A.E. Hartley, G. Joel, 
J. Penuelas and R. Valentini (1995) Relationships between NDVI, canopy 
structure, and photosynthesis in three Californian vegetation types. 
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Garcia, R., E.T. Kanemasu, B.L. Blad, A. Bauer, J.L. Hatfield, D.J. Major, 
R.J. Reginato and K.G. Hubbard (1988) Interception and use efficiency of 
light in winter wheat under different nitrogen regimes. Agricultural and 
Forest Meteorology 44, 175-186.

Gholz, H.L. 1980. Structure and productivity of Juniperus occidentalis in 
central Oregon. Amer. Mid. Nat. 103: 251-261.

Gholz, H.L. 1982. Environmental limits on aboveground net primary 
production, leaf area, and biomass in vegetation zones of the Pacific 
northwest. Ecology 63: 469-481.

Gholz, H.L., Vogel, S.A., Cropper, W.P. Jr., McKelvey, K., Ewel, K.C., 
Teskey, R.O., and Curran, P.J. 1991. Dynamics of canopy structure and light 
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Goenaga, R. 1995. Accumulation and partitioning of dry matter in taro. 
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Golley, F.B., Odum, H.T. and Wilson, R.F. 1962. The structure and 
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Golley, F.B., et al. (1975) Mineral Cycling in a Tropical Moist Forest 
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Gordon, A.G. (1976) Taxonomy and genetics of Picea rubens and its 
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Gosz, J.R.; Likens, G.E.; Bormann, F.H. 1972. Nutrient content of litter 
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Gower, S. T., and J. M. Norman. 1991. Rapid estimation of leaf area index 
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Gower, S.T. and Grier, C.C. 1989. Aboveground organic matter and production 
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Gower, S.T., Reich, P.B. and Son, Y. 1993. Canopy dynamics and aboveground 
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Gower, S.T., Running, S.W., Gholz, H.L., Haynes, B.E., Hunt, E.R. Jr., Ryan 
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Gower, S.T., Vogel, J.G., Norman, J.M., Kucharik, C.J., Steele, S.J., & 
Stow, T.K. 1997. Carbon distribution and aboveground net primary production 
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Gower, S.T., Vogt, K.A. and Grier C.C. 1992. Carbon dynamics of Rocky 
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Gratani, L., and E. Fiorentino. 1988. Estimation of leaf area index in 
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Grier, C.C. 1977. Biomass, productivity, and nitrogen-phosphorus cycles in 
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Herbert, D.A., and J.H. Fownes. 1997. Effects of leaf aggregation in a 
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Herbert, D.A. and J.H. Fownes. 1999. Forest productivitiy and efficiency of 
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Hutchison, B.A., D.R. Matt, R.T. McMillen, L.J. Gross, S.J. Tajchman and 
J.M. Norman (1986) The architecture of a deciduous canopy in eastern 
Tennessee, USA. Journal of Ecology 74, 635-646.

Hytteborn, H. 1975. Deciduous woodland at Andersby, eastern Sweden. Above 
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Isagi, Y., T. Kawahara and K. Kamo (1993) Biomass and net production in a 
bamboo Phyllostachys bambusoides stand. Ecological Research 8, 123-133

Jakucs, P. 1981. IBP Woodlands Data Set. In: Reichle, D.E. (ed.), 1981, 
Dynamic Properties of Forest Ecosystems, IBP 23. Cambridge University 
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Jamieson P.D., R.J. Martin, G.S. Francis and D.R. Wilson (1995) Drought 
effects on biomass production and radiation-use efficiency in barley. Field 
Crops Research 43, 77-86.

Japan-IBP-PF-F (1981) IBP Woodlands Data Set. In: Reichle, D.E. (ed.), 
1981, Dynamic Properties of Forest Ecosystems, IBP 23. Cambridge University 
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Jefferies R.A. and D.K.L. Mackerron (1989) Radiation interception and 
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Research 22, 101-112.

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Jervis, R.A. 1969. Primary production in the freshwater marsh ecosystem of 
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Jiang, H. 1986. A study on the biomass and production of Picea purpurea 
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Jiang, H. 1986. A primary study about the relationship between nature stand 
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Jipp PH, Nepstad DC, Cassel DK, De Carvalho CR (1998) Deep soil moisture 
storage and transpiration in forests and pastures of seasonally-dry 
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Joel, G., J.A. Gamon and C.B. Field (1997) Production efficiency in 
sunflower: The role of water and nitrogen stress. Remote Sensing of 
Environment 62, 176-188.

Johnson, F.L. and Risser, P.G. 1974. Biomass, annual net primary 
production, and dynamics of six mineral elements in a post oak-blackjack 
oak forest. Ecology 55: 1246-1258.

Jones, R. 1968. Estimating productivity and apparent photosynthesis from 
differences in consecutive measurements of total living plant parts of on 
Australian heathland. Australian Journal of Botany 16, 590-602.

Jordan, C.F. (1969) Derivation of leaf area index from quality of light on 
the forest floor. Ecology 50, 663-666.

Jordan, C.F. and C. Uhl (1978) Biomass of a "tierra firme" forest of the 
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Jose, S. and Gillespie, A.R. 1996. Aboveground production efficiency and 
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Jose, S. and Gillespie, A.R. 1997. Leaf area-productivity relationships 
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