BOREAS TGB-08 Starch Concentration Data over the SSA-OBS and the SSA-OJP Summary: The TGB-08 team collected data to investigate the controls over non-methane hydrocarbon (NMHC) fluxes from boreal forest tree species. This data set includes measurements of starch concentrations in foliar samples at mature Jack Pine and Black spruce sites. The two areas used in this research were in the Southern Study Area (SSA) of the BOREAS region: the SSA Old Jack Pine (OJP) and Old Black Spruce(OBS) tower-flux locations. These areas contained mature stands of jack pine and black spruce and were the focal sites in the BOREAS program for studies of biosphere/atmosphere exchange from these two habitat types. The OBS site is situated in a black spruce/sphagnum bog with the largest trees 155 years old and 10-15 m. tall. The OJP site is in a jack pine forest, 80 to 120 years old, which lies on a sandy bench of glacial outwash with the largest tree standing 15 m. tall. Temporally, the data cover the period of 24-May-94 to 19- Sep-94. The data are stored in tabular ASCII files. Table of Contents * 1 Data Set Overview * 2 Investigator(s) * 3 Theory of Measurements * 4 Equipment * 5 Data Acquisition Methods * 6 Observations * 7 Data Description * 8 Data Organization * 9 Data Manipulations * 10 Errors * 11 Notes * 12 Application of the Data Set * 13 Future Modifications and Plans * 14 Software * 15 Data Access * 16 Output Products and Availability * 17 References * 18 Glossary of Terms * 19 List of Acronyms * 20 Document Information 1. Data Set Overview 1.1 Data Set Identification BOREAS TGB-08 Starch Concentration Data over the SSA-OBS and the SSA-OJP 1.2 Data Set Introduction The mechanistic controls over non-methane hydrocarbon (NMHC) fluxes from boreal forest trees were investigated. These studies could be used to modify existing ecosystem models to include NMHC emissions and their response to seasonality and resource variability (primarily water and nitrogen). 1.3 Objective/Purpose To measure the starch concentrations in needles from the SSA-OBS and SSA-OJP. 1.4 Summary of Parameters Starch concentrations. 1.5 Discussion The research was ordered around three general questions: (1) To what extent are leaf carbon balance and isoprene synthase activity (the enzyme responsible for isoprene emission predictors of NMHC flux, (2) How do leaf carbon balance and isoprene synthase activity depend on nitrogen/water availability and carbon source/sink parameters, and (3) How do we modify the FORES-BGC ecosystem model based on question 1 and 2, to predict canopy-level NMHC fluxes. Studies included seasonal monitoring of NMHC emissions and its relationship to plant phenology, photosynthesis, respiration, isoprene synthase activity, and leaf starch concentrations. 1.6 Related Data Sets BOREAS TGB-08 Photosynthetic Rate Data over the SSA-OBS and the SSA-OJP BOREAS TGB-08 Monoterpene Concentration Data over the SSA-OBS and the SSA-OJP 2. Investigator(s) 2.1 Investigator(s) Name and Title Manuel Lerdau 2.2 Title of Investigation The Relationship Between Non-Methane Hydrocarbon Emission and Leaf Carbon Balance in the Boreal Forest: An Approach for Mechanistic Ecosystem Modeling. 2.3 Contact Information Contact 1 --------- Dr. Manuel Lerdau Ecology and Evolution SUNY Stony Brook, NY (516)632-6633 (516)632-7626 (fax) mlerdau@life.bio.sunysb.edu Contact 2 --------- Sara K. Conrad Raytheon STX Corporation NASA/GSFC Greenbelt, MD (301)286-2624 Sara.Golightly@gsfc.nasa.gov 3. Theory of Measurements None given. 4. Equipment: 4.1 Sensor/Instrument Description 4.1.1 Collection Environment Samples were collected under all environmental conditions. 4.1.2 Source/Platform Trees. 4.1.3 Source/Platform Mission Objectives To measure average starch concentrations in SSA-OBS and SSA-OJP. 4.1.4 Key Variables Starch concentration. 4.1.5 Principles of Operation None given. 4.1.6 Sensor/Instrument Measurement Geometry None given. 4.1.7 Manufacturer of Sensor/Instrument Campbell Scientific AADCO Instruments Silver Springs, FL Supelco Bellafonte, PA Tekmar Cincinnati, OH SKC, Inc. Eighty Four, PA Finnigan San Jose, CA J&W Scientific Folsom, CA Hewlett Packard LACHAT Inst. Mequon, WI 4.2 Calibration 4.2.1 Specifications None given 4.2.1.1 Tolerance None Given. 4.2.2 Frequency of Calibration None given. 4.2.3 Other Calibration Information None Given. 5. Data Acquisition Methods None given. 6. Observations 6.1 Data Notes None Given. 6.2 Field Notes None Given. 7. Data Description 7.1 Spatial Characteristics 7.1.1 Spatial Coverage The North American Datum 1983 (NAD83) coordinates for the measurement sites are: SSA-OBS 53.998 N, 105.128 W SSA-OJP 53.928 N, 104.698 W 7.1.2 Spatial Coverage Map None Given. 7.1.3 Spatial Resolution These data are point source measurements taken near the given coordinates. 7.1.4 Projection Not Applicable. 7.1.5 Grid Description Not applicable. 7.2 Temporal Characteristics 7.2.1 Temporal Coverage The data were colelcted from 24-May-94 to 19-Sep-94. 7.2.2 Temporal Coverage Map None given. 7.2.3 Temporal Resolution Monthly averages of the data were submitted. 7.3 Data Characteristics Data characteristics are defined in the companion data definition file (tgb8scds.def). 7.4 Sample Data Record Sample data format shown in the companion data definition file (tgb8scds.def). 8. Data Organization 8.1 Data Granularity All of the Starch Concentration Data over the SSA-OBS and the SSA-OJP are contained in one dataset. 8.2 Data Format(s) The data files contain numerical and character fields of varying length separated by commas. The character fields are enclosed with a single apostrophe marks. There are no spaces between the fields. Sample data records are shown in the companion data definition file (tgb8scds.def). 9. Data Manipulations 9.1 Formulae 9.1.1 Derivation Techniques and Algorithms None given. 9.2 Data Processing Sequence 9.2.1 Processing Steps None given. 9.2.2 Processing Changes None given. 9.3 Calculations 9.3.1 Special Corrections/Adjustments None given. 9.3.2 Calculated Variables None. 9.4 Graphs and Plots None. 10. Errors 10.1 Sources of Error None given. 10.2 Quality Assessment 10.2.1 Data Validation by Source None given. 10.2.2 Confidence Level/Accuracy Judgement None given. 10.2.3 Measurement Error for Parameters None given. 10.2.4 Additional Quality Assessments None given. 10.2.5 Data Verification by Data Center The data were examined for general consistency and clarity. 11. Notes 11.1 Limitations of the Data None given. 11.2 Known Problems with the Data None given. 11.3 Usage Guidance None. 11.4 Other Relevant Information None. 12. Application of the Data Set None given. 13. Future Modifications and Plans None given. 14. Software 14.1 Software Description None given. 14.2 Software Access None given. 15. Data Access 15.1 Contact Information MS. Beth McCowan BOREAS Data Manager NASA GSFC Greenbelt, MD (301) 286-4005( 301) 286-0239 (fax) Elizabeth.Nelson@gsfc.nasa.gov 15.2 Data Center Identification See 15.1. 15.3 Procedures for Obtaining Data Users may place requests by telephone, electronic mail, or FAX. 15.4 Data Center Status/Plans The BOREAS TGB-08 starch concentration data are available from the EOSDIS ORNL DAAC (Earth Observing System Data and Information System) (Oak Ridge National Laboratory) (Distributed Active Archive Center). The BOREAS contact at ORNL is: ORNL DAAC User Services Oak Ridge National Laboratory (865) 241-3952 ornldaac@ornl.gov ornl@eos.nasa.gov 16. Output Products and Availability 16.1 Tape Products None. 16.2 Film Products None. 16.3 Other Products Comma delimited ACSII Data Files 17. References 17.1 Platform/Sensor/Instrument/Data Processing Documentation None given. 17.2 Journal Articles and Study Reports Sellers, P., F. Hall. 1994. Boreal Ecosystem-Atmosphere Study: Experiment Plan. Version 1994-3.0, NASA BOREAS Report (EXPLAN 94). Sellers, P., F. Hall, H. Margolis, B. Kelly, D. Baldocchi, G. den Hartog, J. Cihlar, M.G. Ryan, B. Goodison, P. Crill, K.J. Ranson, D. Lettenmaier, and D.E. Wickland. 1995. The boreal ecosystem-atmosphere study (BOREAS): an overview and early results from the 1994 field year. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society. 76(9):1549-1577. Sellers, P., F. Hall, K.F. Huemmrich. 1996. Boreal Ecosystem-Atmosphere Study: 1994 Operations. NASA BOREAS Report (OPS DOC 94). Sellers, P., F. Hall. 1996. Boreal Ecosystem-Atmosphere Study: Experiment Plan. Version 1996-2.0, NASA BOREAS Report (EXPLAN 96). Sellers, P., F. Hall, K.F. Huemmrich. 1997. Boreal Ecosystem-Atmosphere Study: 1996 Operations. NASA BOREAS Report (OPS DOC 96). Sellers, P. J., F. G. Hall, R. D. Kelly, A. Black, D. Baldocchi, J. Berry, M. Ryan, K. J. Ranson, P. M. Crill, D. P. Lettenmaier, H. Margolis, J. Cihlar, J. Newcomer, D. Fitzjarrald, P. G. Jarvis, S. T. Gower, D. Halliwell, D. Williams, B. Goodison, D. E. Wickland, and F. E. Guertin. 1997. BOREAS in 1997: Experiment Overview, Scientific Results and Future Directions. Journal of Geophysical Research 102 (D24): 28,731-28,770. 17.3 Archive/DBMS Usage Documentation None. 18. Glossary of Terms None given. 19. List of Acronyms BOREAS - BOReal Ecosystem-Atmosphere Study BORIS - BOREAS Information System DAAC - Distributed Active Archive Center EOS - Earth Observing System EOSDIS - EOS Data and Information System GSFC - Goddard Space Flight Center NASA - National Aeronautics and Space Administration ORNL - Oak Ridge National Laboratory URL - Uniform Resource Locator 20. Document Information 20.1 Document Revision Date Written: 27-Jul-1997 Last updated: 14-Sep-1998 20.2 Document Review Date(s) BORIS Review: 28-Aug-1998 Science Review: 20.3 Document ID 20.4 Citation Manuel Lerdau: Department of Ecology and Evolution, State University of New York, Stony Brook, NY 11794-5245 Marcy Litvak and Russell Monson: Department of Environmental, population and Organismic Biology, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309-033 20.5 Document Curator 20.6 Document URL Keywords: Monoterpene, NMHC, Photosynthesis, Starch TGB08_Starch_Conc.doc 09/14/98