BOREAS TE-01 SSA Soil Lab Data Summary This data set was collected by TE-01 to provide a set of soil properties for BOREAS investigators in the SSA. The soil samples were collected at sets of soil pits. Each set of soil pits was in the vicinity of one of the five flux towers in the BOREAS SSA. The collected soil samples were sent to a lab, where the major soil properties were determined. These properties include, but are not limited to, soil horizon; dry soil color; pH; bulk density; total, organic, and inorganic carbon; electric conductivity; cation exchange capacity; exchangeable sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, and hydrogen; water content at 0.01, 0.033, and 1.5 MPascals; nitrogen; phosphorus; particle size distribution; texture; pH of the mineral soil and of the organic soil; extractable acid; and sulfur. The data are stored in tabular ASCII text files. Table of Contents * 1 Data Set Overview * 2 Investigator(s) * 3 Theory of Measurements * 4 Equipment * 5 Data Acquisition Methods * 6 Observations * 7 Data Description * 8 Data Organization * 9 Data Manipulations * 10 Errors * 11 Notes * 12 Application of the Data Set * 13 Future Modifications and Plans * 14 Software * 15 Data Access * 16 Output Products and Availability * 17 References * 18 Glossary of Terms * 19 List of Acronyms * 20 Document Information 1. Data Set Overview 1.1 Data Set Identification BOREAS TE-01 SSA Soil Lab Data 1.2 Data Set Introduction This data set was collected by TE-01 to provide a set of soil properties for BOReal Ecosystem-Atmosphere Study (BOREAS) investigators in the Southern Study Area (SSA). The soil samples were collected at sets of soil pits. Each set of soil pits was in the vicinity of one of the five flux towers in the SSA. These soil samples were sent to a lab, where the major soil properties were determined. These properties include, but are not limited to, soil horizon; dry soil color; pH; bulk density; total, organic, and inorganic carbon; electric conductivity; cation exchange capacity; exchangeable sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, and hydrogen; water content at 0.01, 0.033, and 1.5 MegaPascals; nitrogen; phosphorus; particle size distribution; texture; pH of the mineral soil and of the organic soil; extractable acid; and sulfur. These data are stored in American Standard Code for Information Interchange (ASCII) text files. 1.3 Objective/Purpose The objective of this study was to develop a complete characterization of all soil types at the BOReal Ecosystem-Atmosphere Study (BOREAS) Southern Study area (SSA) sites. This data set was collected by the Terrestrial Ecology (TE)-01 team to provide a set of soil properties for BOREAS investigators in the SSA. The soil samples were collected at sets of soil pits. Each set of soil pits was in the vicinity of one of the five towers in the SSA. These soil samples were sent to a lab, where the major soil properties were determined. 1.4 Summary of Parameters The soil survey samples were examined for the visual characteristics: horizon designation, color, structure, and depth. The pH, bulk density, total carbon (TC), organic carbon (OC), and inorganic carbon (IC) values were measured on the general soil survey samples. Detailed analyses were performed on pit soil samples representing the soil types at each tower, which included the measurements listed above and: TC, IC, electric conductivity (EC), cation exchange capacity (CEC), exchangeable Na+, K+, Ca2+, Mg2+ and H+; soil moisture retentions (0.01, 0.033, and 1.5 MPascals); total N; total P; particle size fractions (coarse, medium, fine, and very fine sand, silt, and clay); and texture. 1.5 Discussion A general survey of soils was performed at each SSA site in a 1-km2 area with the tower in the center. Soils were sampled with a frequency that allowed the production of a 1:5000 map. The soil maps represent a different data set. A more thorough examination of the soil was performed on a series of soil pits (four or five) dug on a transect that covered the dominant soil types in each SSA site. In the summer of 1993, the Old Aspen (OA), Old Jack Pine (OJP), Young Jack Pine (YJP), and Fen sites were surveyed. The Old Black Spruce (OBS) site was surveyed in the summer of 1994. The soil survey was performed by an experienced soil surveyor, using all methods for measuring soil characteristics that are routinely used in soil surveys. The survey provides a data base that forms the basic measurements that are necessary for a complete ecological study of the boreal forests. The Northern Study Area (NSA) soil survey field work was performed by the BOREAS TE-20 team, but the analysis of the soil samples were performed by the same lab and methods as these SSA soil samples. 1.6 Related Data Sets BOREAS Agriculture Canada Central Saskatchewan Vector Soils Data BOREAS CanSIS Regional Soils Data in Vector Format BOREAS Regional Soils Data in Raster Format and AEAC Projection BOREAS Soils Data over the SSA in Raster Format and AEAC Projection BOREAS TE-20 NSA Soil Lab Data BOREAS TE-20 Soils Data over the NSA-MSA and Tower Sites in Raster Format BOREAS TE-20 Soils Data over the NSA-MSA and Tower Sites in Vector Format BOREAS TE-01 Soils Data over the SSA Tower Sites in Raster Format BOREAS TGB-12 Soil Carbon and Flux Data of NSA-MSA in Raster Format BOREAS TGB-12 Soil Carbon Data over the NSA 2. Investigator(s) 2.1 Investigator(s) Name and Title Darwin W. Anderson Professor University of Saskatchewan 2.2 Title of Investigation General soil survey for primary sites in SSA (OA, OBS, OJP, YJP, Fen) 2.3 Contact Information Contact 1 ------------- Tim Nerbas Soil Science Dept. Univ. of Saskatchewan Saskatoon S7N 5A8 (306) 966-4292 (306) 966-6827 (fax) Contact 2 -------------- Dr. Darwin Anderson Soil Science Dept. Univ. of Saskatchewan Saskatoon S7N 5A8 (306) 966-4292 (306) 966-6827 (fax) darwin_anderson@agric.usask.ca Contact 3 -------------- David Knapp Raytheon STX Corporation NASA GSFC Greenbelt, MD (301) 286-1424 (301) 286-0239 (fax) David.Knapp@gsfc.nasa.gov 3. Theory of Measurements A number of different soil properties were measured for use by BOREAS investigators. The theory and methods used to measure these properties are as follows: Bulk Density: An intact known volume of soil is removed, dried, and weighed; the density can then be calculated. TC: All types of carbon will be combusted into carbon dioxide (CO2) in a flow of oxygen (O2) at 2,500 8F. IC: IC reacts with acid producing CO2, which is quantified through titration. OC: Equals measured TC minus measured IC. EC: The ability of the soil to carry an electrical current, which is indicative of salt content. CEC: If a soil is washed with one cation (Ba), and the other cations are leached, the first cation fills the exchange sites of the leached cation, and equals the soil's CEC. Exchangeable Cations: Equals the quantity of cations in the leachate after they have been exchanged off the soil. Soil Moisture Retentions: Equals the amount of water in soils under a suction equal to 0.01, 0.033, and 1.5 MPascals (i.e., field moisture 10th, saturated moisture, and wilting moisture, respectively). Soil Size Fractions: Clay and silt are measured based on the principle that the speed at which a particle will fall in water will depend on the size of the particle. 4. Equipment 4.1 Sensor/Instrument Description Bulk density: 10 cm diameter tube, 10 cm long. TC: LECO CR12 Carbon Determinator 781-600 CEC and exchangeable cations: Cation concentrations were measured by atomic adsorption-Perkin Elmer 3100. Equipment used in other procedures is listed in the references and manuals listed in Section 17. 4.1.1 Collection Environment None given. 4.1.2 Source/Platform Not applicable. 4.1.3 Source/Platform Mission Objectives Not applicable. 4.1.4 Key Variables Soil Horizon Soil Color (Dry) pH Bulk Density Total Carbon Organic Carbon Inorganic Carbon Electric Conductivity Cation Exchange Capacity Exchangeable Sodium Exchangeable Potassium Exchangeable Calcium Exchangeable Magnesium Exchangeable Hydrogen Water Content at a pressure of 0.01 MPascals (0.1 atmospheres) Water Content at a pressure of 0.033 MPascals (0.33 atmospheres) Water Content at a pressure of 1.5 MPascals (15 atmospheres) Nitrogen Phosphorus Percentage of Very Coarse Sand Percentage of Coarse Sand Percentage of Medium Sand Percentage of Fine Sand Percentage of Very Fine Sand Percentage of Total Sand Percentage of Total Silt Percentage of Total Clay Texture Horizon Number pH of the Mineral Soil (CaCl2) pH of the Organic Soil (CaCl2) pH of the Mineral Soil (H2O) pH of the Organic Soil (H2O) Extractable Acid Sulfur 4.1.5 Principles of Operation None given. 4.1.6 Sensor/Instrument Measurement Geometry Not applicable. 4.1.7 Manufacturer of Sensor/Instrument None given. 4.2 Calibration Calibration information was provided for the following instruments: TC: LECO 501-034 12% Dry soil colors were measured according to the Munsell color chart. All other standards were prepared in the laboratory from pure analytical compounds and tested against National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) standards. 4.2.1 Specifications None given. 4.2.1.1 Tolerance None given. 4.2.2 Frequency of Calibration None given. 4.2.3 Other Calibration Information None. 5. Data Acquisition Methods Bulk Density: Cylinders of known volume and weight are pressed into the soil and filled with soil in its natural state. The soil and cylinder are dried at 105 8C and weighed. The soil weight is then calculated and divided by the cylinder volume (Manual on Soil Sampling and Methods of Analysis). TC: Measured by combustion of dried soil samples in a LECO CR12 Carbon Determinator (LECO Corporation Application Bulletin form no. 203-601-071). IC: Measured through digestion in acid, and evolved CO2 is measured directly as carbonic acid in a two-endpoint titration (Tiessen et al., 1983). OC: Equals measured TC minus measured IC. Total Nitrogen and Phosphorus: Digestion in H2SO4 and H2O2 (Thomas et al., 1967). Products NH4+ and P were measured colormetrically by the ammonia-salicylate method (Technicon, 1973) and acid-molybdate blue method (Murphy and Riley, 1962), respectively. Electrical conductivity and pH: Standard laboratory meter. CEC: The cations on the exchange are replaced with barium (Ba), which is then exchanged off the soil with NH4 and the amount of Ba is measured (p. 54, Manual on Soil Sampling and Methods of Analysis). Exchangeable Cations: Measured in leachate after Ba has exchanged them off the soil; Na+, K+, Ca2+, Mg2+ by atomic absorption and H+ by back titration with HCl to pH 5.1 (p. 83, Manual on Soil Sampling and Methods of Analysis). Soil Moisture Retentions: Pressure plate extraction (p. 45, Manual on Soil Sampling and Methods of Analysis). Soil Size Fractions: Pipette method (p. 6, Manual on Soil Sampling and Methods of Analysis). 6. Observations 6.1 Data Notes The table below lists soil classification (by order and sub-group), site location, soil pit number, and BOREAS site location of soil pits in this study. This information enables the user to spatially link soils data from this study to the TE-01 Soils Data over the NSA-MSA and Tower Sites in Raster Format and BOREAS Soils Data over the SSA in Raster Format and AEAC Projection. See TE-01 soils data documentation and Soil Classification Working Group (1998) for detailed description of soil classification. See also TE-20 Soils Report. Site location Pit number Order Sub- group boreas site location Oa 1 LUVISOL OGL SSA-9OA-FLXTR 9TE01-SOLO1 Oa 2 LUVISOL OGL SSA-9OA-FLXTR 9TE01-SOLO2 Oa 3 LUVISOL OLG SSA-9OA-FLXTR 9TE01-SOLO3 Oa 4 LUVISOL OGL SSA-9OA-FLXTR 9TE01-SOLO4 Oa 5 LUVISOL OGL SSA-9OA-FLXTR 9TE01-SOLO5 Ojp 1 BRUNISOL OEB SSA-OJP-FLXTR 9TE01-SOLO1 Ojp 2 BRUNISOL OEB SSA-OJP-FLXTR 9TE01-SOLO2 Ojp 3 BRUNISOL EB SSA-OJP-FLXTR 9TE01-SOLO3 Ojp 4 BRUNISOL ? SSA-OJP-FLXTR 9TE01-SOLO4 Yjp 1 BRUNISOL EB SSA-YJP-FLXTR 9TE01-SOLO1 Yjp 2 BRUNISOL EB SSA-YJP-FLXTR 9TE01-SOLO2 Yjp 3 BRUNISOL OEB SSA-YJP-FLXTR 9TE01-SOLO3 Fen 1a SSA-FEN-FLXTR 9TE01-SOLO1 Fen 1b SSA-FEN-FLXTR 9TE01-SOLO2 Fen 1c SSA-FEN-FLXTR 9TE01-SOLO3 Fen 1d SSA-FEN-FLXTR 9TE01-SOLO4 Fen 1e SSA-FEN-FLXTR 9TE01-SOLO5 Fen 2a SSA-FEN-FLXTR 9TE01-SOLO6 Fen 2b SSA-FEN-FLXTR 9TE01-SOLO7 Fen 2c SSA-FEN-FLXTR 9TE01-SOLO8 Fen 2d SSA-FEN-FLXTR 9TE01-SOLO9 Fen 2e SSA-FEN-FLXTR 9TE01-SOLO10 Fen 3a SSA-FEN-FLXTR 9TE01-SOLO11 Fen 3b SSA-FEN-FLXTR 9TE01-SOLO12 Fen 3c SSA-FEN-FLXTR 9TE01-SOLO13 Fen 3d SSA-FEN-FLXTR 9TE01-SOLO14 Fen 3e SSA-FEN-FLXTR 9TE01-SOLO15 Obs 1 SSA-OBS-FLXTR 9TE01-SOLO1 Obs 2_1 Peat SSA-OBS-FLXTR 9TE01-SOLO21 Obs 2_2 Peat SSA-OBS-FLXTR 9TE01-SOLO22 Obs 2_3 Peat SSA-OBS-FLXTR 9TE01-SOLO23 Obs 3_1 Peat SSA-OBS-FLXTR 9TE01-SOLO31 Obs 3_2 Peat SSA-OBS-FLXTR 9TE01-SOLO32 Obs 3_3 Peat SSA-OBS-FLXTR 9TE01-SOLO33 Obs 3_4 Peat SSA-OBS-FLXTR 9TE01-SOLO34 SOILDEV = Soil development (soil classification). Order Sub-Group Brunisolic EDYB Eluviated Dystric Brunisol GLEDYB Gleyed Eluviated Dystric Brunisol EEB Eluviated Eutric Brunisol GLEEB Gleyed Eluviated Eutric Brunisol Gleysolic OHG Orthic Humic Gleysol RHG Rego Humic Gleysol OG Orthic Gleysol FEG Ferric Gleysol OLG Orthic Luvic Gleysol HULG Humic Luvic Gleysol Luvisolic OGL Orthic Gray Luvisol DGL Dark Gray Luvisol GLGL Gleyed Gray Luvisol GLDGL Gleyed Dark Gray Luvisol Organic TYF Typic Fibrisol MEF Mesic Fibrisol TF Terric Fibrisol TMEF Terric Mesic Fibrisol HYF Hydric Fibrisol TYM Typic Mesisol FIM Fibric Mesisol TM Terric Mesisol TFIM Terric Fibric Mesisol THUM Terric Mesic Humisol TH Terric Humisol TFIH Terric Fibric Humisol TMEH Terric Mesic Humisol Cryosolic OSC Orthic Static Cryosol RSC Regosolic Static Cryosol OTC Orthic Turbic Cryosol RTC Regosolic Turbic Cryosol FIOC Fibric Organic Cryosol MEOC Mesic Organic Cryosol HUOC Humic Organic Cryosol TFIOC Terric Fibric Organic Cryosol TMEOC Terric Mesic Organic Cryosol THUOC Terric Humic Organic Cryosol Note: EB is described as Degraded Eutric Brunisol. 6.2 Field Notes No important problems were encountered. 7. Data Description 7.1 Spatial Characteristics 7.1.1 Spatial Coverage The general soil survey had soil profiles examined on a 100 m by 100 m grid system in a 1 km2 area with the tower in the center at the SSA OA, OBS, OJP, YJP, and Fen sites. The soil pits from which the soil samples were collected fell within these areas. The tower flux sites are located in the SSA at the following North American datum 1983 (NAD83) coordinates: Longitude Latitude ----------- ----------- OBS 105.11779 W 53.98718 N OJP 104.69203 W 53.91634 N OA 106.19779 W 53.6289 N YJP 104.64527 W 53.87581 N YA 105.32313 W 53.65602 N 7.1.2 Spatial Coverage Map None. 7.1.3 Spatial Resolution These data represent point locations. 7.1.4 Projection Not applicable. 7.1.5 Grid Description Not applicable. 7.2 Temporal Characteristics 7.2.1 Temporal Coverage In the summer of 1993, the OA, OJP, YJP, and Fen sites were surveyed. The OBS site was surveyed in the summer of 1994. The soil properties that were measured from the samples do not tend to change significantly with time. All measured parameters will change only over the long term, so any data could be valuable to generalize the soil characteristics of the area for many years in the future. 7.2.2 Temporal Coverage Map None. 7.2.3 Temporal Resolution The soil samples were collected at a certain point in time. However, the soil properties that were derived from the samples do not tend to change significantly with time. 7.3 Data Characteristics Data characteristics are defined in the companion data definition file (te01ssld.def). 7.4 Sample Data Record Sample data format shown in the companion data definition file (te01ssld.def). 8. Data Organization 8.1 Data Granularity The smallest amount of data that can be ordered from this data set is the entire data set from all soil pits at the SSA sites. All of the TE-01 SSA Soil Lab Data are contained in one dataset. 8.2 Data Format(s) The data files contain numerical and character fields of varying length separated by commas. The character fields are enclosed with single apostrophe marks. There are no spaces between the fields. Sample data records are shown in the companion data definition file (te01ssld.def). 9. Data Manipulations All relevant data manipulation information can be obtained in the manuals and references listed Section 17 or described in Section 5. These standard measurements used the standard manipulations. 9.1 Formulae None given. 9.1.1 Derivation Techniques and Algorithms None given. 9.2 Data Processing Sequence None given. 9.2.1 Processing Steps None given. 9.2.2 Processing Changes None. 9.3 Calculations 9.3.1 Special Corrections/Adjustments None. 9.3.2 Calculated Variables None given. 9.4 Graphs and Plots None. 10. Errors 10.1 Sources of Error Much of the errors incurred would be due to the heterogeneity of soils and to equipment precision. These errors associated with measuring these soil properties are within the limits required for the use of these data. 10.2 Quality Assessment The soil survey was performed by a soil expert who has many years of soil survey field experience. As a result, there is a great deal of confidence in the field visual observations and in the quality of soil samples brought into the lab for analysis. All methods for measuring soil characteristics have been performed routinely in the department's soil survey division. All methods have been tested thoroughly for accuracy, accepted for the general soil survey of Saskatchewan, and approved at the federal research level. 10.2.1 Data Validation by Source A cursory review of the data was made to ensure that the data were as expected. Some spot checks were made to confirm that the data were within the realm of possibility. 10.2.2 Confidence Level/Accuracy Judgment None given. 10.2.3 Measurement Error for Parameters The error ranges for some of the parameters are: pH: 5% Bulk Density: 5% TC and IC: 3% Total Nitrogen and Phosphorus: 5% EC and CEC: 5% Exchangeable H+: 10% Soil Moisture Retentions (0.1, 0.33, and 15 atm): 5% Particle Size Fractions: 5% 10.2.4 Additional Quality Assessments None. 10.2.5 Data Verification by Data Center The data were checked after loading into the relational data base to ensure that no errors occurred during loading. 11. Notes 11.1 Limitations of the Data None given. 11.2 Known Problems with the Data None given. 11.3 Usage Guidance None given. 11.4 Other Relevant Information None. 12. Application of the Data Set This data set was collected to provide major soil parameter data for modeling and other research purposes for the BOREAS project. 13. Future Modifications and Plans None. 14. Software 14.1 Software Description None. 14.2 Software Access None. 15. Data Access 15.1 Contact for Data Center/Data Access Information These BOREAS data are available from the Earth Observing System Data and Information System (EOS-DIS) Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) Distributed Active Archive Center (DAAC). The BOREAS contact at ORNL is: ORNL DAAC User Services Oak Ridge National Laboratory (865) 241-3952 ornldaac@ornl.gov ornl@eos.nasa.gov 15.2 Procedures for Obtaining Data BOREAS data may be obtained through the ORNL DAAC World Wide Web site at http://www-eosdis.ornl.gov/ or users may place requests for data by telephone, electronic mail, or fax. 15.3 Output Products and Availability Requested data can be provided electronically on the ORNL DAAC's anonymous FTP site or on various media including, CD-ROMs, 8-MM tapes, or diskettes. The complete set of BOREAS data CD-ROMs, entitled "Collected Data of the Boreal Ecosystem-Atmosphere Study", edited by Newcomer, J., et al., NASA, 1999, are also available. 16. Output Products and Availability 16.1 Tape Products None. 16.2 Film Products None. 16.3 Other Products The data are available as ASCII files. 17. References 17.1 Platform/Sensor/Instrument/Data Processing Documentation Manual on Soil Sampling and Methods of Analysis. 1978. J.A. McKeague (Ed). Canadian Soil Science Society. Technicon Industrial Systems. 1973. Nitrate and nitrite in water and waste water. Industrial Method No. 100-70W. Technicon Industrial Systems, Tarrytown, NY. 17.2 Journal Articles and Study Reports Murphy, J. and J.P. Riley. 1962. A modified single solution method for determination of phosphate in natural waters. Anal. Chim. Acta. 27: 31-36. Sellers, P. and F. Hall. 1994. Boreal Ecosystem-Atmosphere Study: Experiment Plan. Version 1994-3.0, NASA BOREAS Report (EXPLAN 94). Sellers, P., F. Hall, H. Margolis, B. Kelly, D. Baldocchi, G. den Hartog, J. Cihlar, M.G. Ryan, B. Goodison, P. Crill, K.J. Ranson, D. Lettenmaier, and D.E. Wickland. 1995. The boreal ecosystem-atmosphere study (BOREAS): an overview and early results from the 1994 field year. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society. 76(9):1549-1577. Sellers, P., F. Hall, and K.F. Huemmrich. 1996. Boreal Ecosystem-Atmosphere Study: 1994 Operations. NASA BOREAS Report (OPS DOC 94). Sellers, P. and F. Hall. 1996. Boreal Ecosystem-Atmosphere Study: Experiment Plan. Version 1996-2.0, NASA BOREAS Report (EXPLAN 96). Sellers, P., F. Hall, and K.F. Huemmrich. 1997. Boreal Ecosystem-Atmosphere Study: 1996 Operations. NASA BOREAS Report (OPS DOC 96). Sellers, P.J., F.G. Hall, R.D. Kelly, A. Black, D. Baldocchi, J. Berry, M. Ryan, K.J. Ranson, P.M. Crill, D.P. Lettenmaier, H. Margolis, J. Cihlar, J. Newcomer, D. Fitzjarrald, P.G. Jarvis, S.T. Gower, D. Halliwell, D. Williams, B. Goodison, D.E. Wickland, and F.E. Guertin. 1997. BOREAS in 1997: Experiment Overview, Scientific Results and Future Directions. Journal of Geophysical Research, 102(D24): 28,731-28,770. Soil Classification Working Group (Eds.). 1998. The Canadian System of Soil Classification. 3rd edition. Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada Publication 1646. 187 pp. Research Branch, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, National Research Council of Canada, Ottawa, Ontario. Thomas, R.L., R.W. Sueurd, and J.P. Moyer. 1967. Comparison of conventional and automated procedures for nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium analysis of plant material using a single digest. Agron. J. 99: 240-243. Tiessen, H., T.L. Roberts, and J.W.B. Stewart. 1983. Carbonate analysis in soils and minerals by acid digestion and two-endpoint titration. Commun. Soil Sci. Plant Anal. 14: 161-166. 17.3 Archive/DBMS Usage Documentation None. 18. Glossary of Terms None. 19. List of Acronyms ASCII - American Standard Code for Information Interchange BOREAS - BOReal Ecosystem-Atmosphere Study BORIS - BOREAS Information System CEC - Cation Exchange Capacity DAAC - Distributed Active Archive Center EC - Electric Conductivity EOS - Earth Observing System EOSDIS - EOS Data and Information System GSFC - Goddard Space Flight Center IC - Inorganic Carbon NASA - National Aeronautics and Space Administration NIST - National Institute of Standards and Technology NSA - Northern Study Area OA - Old Aspen OBS - Old Black Spruce OC - Organic Carbon OJP - Old Jack Pine ORNL - Oak Ridge National Laboratory PANP - Prince Albert National Park PI - Principal Investigator SSA - Southern Study Area TC - Total Carbon TE - Terrestrial Ecology URL - Uniform Resource Locator YA - Young Aspen YJP - Young Jack Pine 20. Document Information 20.1 Document Revision Date Written: 19-Nov-1996 Last Revised: 18-Mar-1999 20.2 Document Review Date(s) BORIS Review: 10-Sep-1998 Science Review: 14-Jul-1998 20.3 Document ID 20.4 Citation 20.5 Document Curator 20.6 Document URL KEYWORDS BULK DENSITY CATION EXCHANGE CAPACITY CARBON EXCHANGEABLE CATIONS MOISTURE RETENTION PH SOIL TE01_SSA_Soil_Lab.doc 05/07/99